How To Enable and Set Up DNSSEC on an Authoritative Bind DNS Server?

Indeed, DNS is the sort of protocol, and following the context, it is necessary to know how to enable DNSSEC for the perfect user convenience. It is the protocol to revolve around the main domain names concerning the IP addresses, and it is essential to know the procedure in detail.

It is pretty easy for an attacker to tamper with the DNS response or poison the DNS cache. It will take the user straight to the malicious site and the perfect domain identification mentioned in the address bar. The DNS security extensions are specific and aim to maintain the kind of data integrity of the DNS response.

There are essential steps to follow for learning how to set up DNSSEC. The DNS extension’s job is to maintain the integrity of data and DNS responses. In the usual case, DNSSEC will sign in matters of the DNS resource records as part of the zone using the PKI, which stands for “Public Key Infrastructure.”

In this case, DNSSEC will enable the DNS resolvers like the Google Public DNS. Now it becomes easy to check the DNS authenticity as part of the DNS reply consisting of the IP address with the application of the Public DNSKEY record.

 

 

14 Steps on How To Enable DNSSEC

It is not easy to configure DNSSEC. It is necessary to know how to configure DNSSEC for the better functioning of things. In the following, we will guide you through the process step by step:

1. First, it is necessary to setting up dnssec with the adding of the perfect configuration directives inside options{ } as part of the subject matter.


nano /etc/bind/named.conf.options

dnssec-enable yes;
dnssec-validation yes;
dnssec-lookaside auto;

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2. It may be so that these have already been added in certain distributions. For this, it is necessary to navigate the location of the zone files.


cd /var/cache/bind

3. It is important to construct the Zone Signing Key, which is shortly known as ZSK. This happens with the following specific commands.


dnssec-keygen -a NSEC3RSASHA1 -b 2048 -n ZONE example.com

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4. With the installation of the haveged it will not take more than a few seconds for the key to get started. Or else it is sure to take a very long time for the sampling output.


root@master:/var/cache/bind# dnssec-keygen -a NSEC3RSASHA1 -b 2048 -n ZONE example.com
Generating key pair..................+++ .............+++
Kexample.com.+007+40400

5. Create a Key Signing Key (KSK) with the following command:


dnssec-keygen -f KSK -a NSEC3RSASHA1 -b 4096 -n ZONE example.com

Sample output:


root@master:/var/cache/bind# dnssec-keygen -f KSK -a NSEC3RSASHA1 -b 4096 -n ZONE example.com
Generating key pair......................++ .............................................................................................................................................................................................................++
Kexample.com.+007+62910

6. Now, the Directory will come with the four essential keys. These are the public and private pairs of ZSK and even of KSK. Now, it is necessary to add the public keys containing the DNSKEY record to the location of the zone file. There is a loop for specific functionality.


for key in `ls Kexample.com*.key`
do
echo "\$INCLUDE $key">> example.com.zone
done

7. It is necessary to sign the zone using the dnssec-sign zone command in specific.


dnssec-signzone -3  -A -N INCREMENT -o  -t 

8. Now it is time to replace the salt with something random. In this case, you can go through the example with the output.


root@master:/var/cache/bind# dnssec-signzone -A -3 $(head -c 1000 /dev/random | sha1sum | cut -b 1-16) -N INCREMENT -o example.com -t example.com.zone
Verifying the zone using the following algorithms: NSEC3RSASHA1.
Zone signing complete:
Algorithm: NSEC3RSASHA1: KSKs: 1 active, 0 stand-by, 0 revoked
                        ZSKs: 1 active, 0 stand-by, 0 revoked
example.com.zone.signed
Signatures generated:                       14
Signatures retained:                         0
Signatures dropped:                          0
Signatures successfully verified:            0
Signatures unsuccessfully verified:          0
Signing time in seconds:                 0.046
Signatures per second:                 298.310
Runtime in seconds:                      0.056

9. One can make use of the 16 character string to enter as the salt with the following command.


head -c 1000 /dev/random | sha1sum | cut -b 1-16

10. This will help create the new file with the new name of example.com.zone.signed. This is sure to include the RRGIS records in case of the DNS recording. Here it is necessary to tell BIND in loading the “signed” zone.


nano /etc/bind/named.conf.local

11. Now it is time to change the file option as part of the zone { }  location.


zone "example.com" IN {
    type master;
    file "example.com.zone.signed";
    allow-transfer { 2.2.2.2; };
    allow-update { none; };
};

12. It is apt to save the file now and reload the bind.


service bind9 reload

13. It is necessary to check for the usage of DNSKEY records with the use of dig on a similar server.


dig DNSKEY example.com. @localhost +multiline

Sample output:


root@master:/var/cache/bind# dig DNSKEY example.com. @localhost +multiline
;; Truncated, retrying in TCP mode.

; <<>> DiG 9.8.4-rpz2+rl005.12-P1 <<>> DNSKEY example.com. @localhost +multiline
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 43986
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;example.com.       IN DNSKEY

;; ANSWER SECTION:
example.com.        86400 IN DNSKEY   256 3 7 (
                AwEAActPMYurNEyhUgHjPctbLCI1VuSj3xcjI8QFTpdM
                8k3cYrfwB/WlNKjnnjt98nPmHv6frnuvs2LKIvvGzz++
                kVwVc8uMLVyLOxVeKhygDurFQpLNNdPumuc2MMRvV9me
                fPrdKWtEEtOxq6Pce3DW2qRLjyE1n1oEq44gixn6hjgo
                sG2FzV4fTQdxdYCzlYjsaZwy0Kww4HpIaozGNjoDQVI/
                f3JtLpE1MYEb9DiUVMjkwVR5yH2UhJwZH6VVvDOZg6u6
                YPOSUDVvyofCGcICLqUOG+qITYVucyIWgZtHZUb49dpG
                aJTAdVKlOTbYV9sbmHNuMuGt+1/rc+StsjTPTHU=
                ) ; key id = 40400
example.com.        86400 IN DNSKEY   257 3 7 (
                AwEAAa2BE0dAvMs0pe2f+D6HaCyiFSHw47BA82YGs7Sj
                qSqH3MprNra9/4S0aV6SSqHM3iYZt5NRQNTNTRzkE18e
                3j9AGV8JA+xbEow74n0eu33phoxq7rOpd/N1GpCrxUsG
                kK4PDkm+R0hhfufe1ZOSoiZUV7y8OVGFB+cmaVb7sYqB
                RxeWPi1Z6Fj1/5oKwB6Zqbs7s7pmxl/GcjTvdQkMFtOQ
                AFGqaaSxVrisjq7H3nUj4hJIJ+SStZ59qfW3rO7+Eqgo
                1aDYaz+jFHZ+nTc/os4Z51eMWsZPYRnPRJG2EjJmkBrJ
                huZ9x0qnjEjUPAcUgMVqTo3hkRv0D24I10LAVQLETuw/
                QOuWMG1VjybzLbXi5YScwcBDAgtEpsQA9o7u6VC00DGh
                +2+4RmgrQ7mQ5A9MwhglVPaNXKuI6sEGlWripgTwm425
                JFv2tGHROS55Hxx06A416MtxBpSEaPMYUs6jSIyf9cjB
                BMV24OjkCxdz29zi+OyUyHwirW51BFSaOQuzaRiOsovM
                NSEgKWLwzwsQ5cVJBEMw89c2V0sHa4yuI5rr79msRgZT
                KCD7wa1Hyp7s/r+ylHhjpqrZwViOPU7tAGZ3IkkJ2SMI
                e/h+FGiwXXhr769EHbVE/PqvdbpcsgsDqFu0K2oqY70u
                SxnsLB8uVKYlzjG+UIoQzefBluQl
                ) ; key id = 62910

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Wed Nov 27 18:18:30 2013
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 839root@master:/var/cache/bind# dig DNSKEY example.com. @localhost +multiline
;; Truncated, retrying in TCP mode.

; <<>> DiG 9.8.4-rpz2+rl005.12-P1 <<>> DNSKEY example.com. @localhost +multiline
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 43986
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0
;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;example.com.       IN DNSKEY

;; ANSWER SECTION:
example.com.        86400 IN DNSKEY   256 3 7 (
                AwEAActPMYurNEyhUgHjPctbLCI1VuSj3xcjI8QFTpdM
                8k3cYrfwB/WlNKjnnjt98nPmHv6frnuvs2LKIvvGzz++
                kVwVc8uMLVyLOxVeKhygDurFQpLNNdPumuc2MMRvV9me
                fPrdKWtEEtOxq6Pce3DW2qRLjyE1n1oEq44gixn6hjgo
                sG2FzV4fTQdxdYCzlYjsaZwy0Kww4HpIaozGNjoDQVI/
                f3JtLpE1MYEb9DiUVMjkwVR5yH2UhJwZH6VVvDOZg6u6
                YPOSUDVvyofCGcICLqUOG+qITYVucyIWgZtHZUb49dpG
                aJTAdVKlOTbYV9sbmHNuMuGt+1/rc+StsjTPTHU=
                ) ; key id = 40400
example.com.        86400 IN DNSKEY   257 3 7 (
                AwEAAa2BE0dAvMs0pe2f+D6HaCyiFSHw47BA82YGs7Sj
                qSqH3MprNra9/4S0aV6SSqHM3iYZt5NRQNTNTRzkE18e
                3j9AGV8JA+xbEow74n0eu33phoxq7rOpd/N1GpCrxUsG
                kK4PDkm+R0hhfufe1ZOSoiZUV7y8OVGFB+cmaVb7sYqB
                RxeWPi1Z6Fj1/5oKwB6Zqbs7s7pmxl/GcjTvdQkMFtOQ
                AFGqaaSxVrisjq7H3nUj4hJIJ+SStZ59qfW3rO7+Eqgo
                1aDYaz+jFHZ+nTc/os4Z51eMWsZPYRnPRJG2EjJmkBrJ
                huZ9x0qnjEjUPAcUgMVqTo3hkRv0D24I10LAVQLETuw/
                QOuWMG1VjybzLbXi5YScwcBDAgtEpsQA9o7u6VC00DGh
                +2+4RmgrQ7mQ5A9MwhglVPaNXKuI6sEGlWripgTwm425
                JFv2tGHROS55Hxx06A416MtxBpSEaPMYUs6jSIyf9cjB
                BMV24OjkCxdz29zi+OyUyHwirW51BFSaOQuzaRiOsovM
                NSEgKWLwzwsQ5cVJBEMw89c2V0sHa4yuI5rr79msRgZT
                KCD7wa1Hyp7s/r+ylHhjpqrZwViOPU7tAGZ3IkkJ2SMI
                e/h+FGiwXXhr769EHbVE/PqvdbpcsgsDqFu0K2oqY70u
                SxnsLB8uVKYlzjG+UIoQzefBluQl
                ) ; key id = 62910

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Wed Nov 27 18:18:30 2013
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 839

14. You must check whether the RRSIG records are there. With this, the configuration of DNSSEC is complete with the least hassle ever.


dig A example.com. @localhost +noadditional +dnssec +multiline
; <<>> DiG 9.8.4-rpz2+rl005.12-P1 <<>> A example.com. @localhost +noadditional +dnssec +multiline
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 32902
;; flags: qr aa rd; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 2, AUTHORITY: 3, ADDITIONAL: 5
;; WARNING: recursion requested but not available

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags: do; udp: 4096
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;example.com.         IN A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
example.com.          86400 IN A 93.184.216.119
example.com.          86400 IN RRSIG A 7 2 86400 20131227171405 (
                            20131127171405 40400 example.com.
                            JCoL8L7As1a8CXnx1W62O94eQl6zvVQ3prtNK7BWIW9O
                            lir/4V+a6c+0tbt4z4lhgmb0sb+qdvqRnlI7CydaSZDb
                            hlrJA93fHqFqNXw084YD1gWC+M8m3ewbobiZgBUh5W66
                            1hsVjWZGvvQL+HmobuSvsF8WBMAFgJgYLg0YzBAvwHIk
                            886be6vbNeAltvPl9I+tjllXkMK5dReMH40ulgKo+Cwb
                            xNQ+RfHhCQIwKgyvL1JGuHB125rdEQEVnMy26bDcC9R+
                            qJNYj751CEUZxEEGI9cZkD44oHwDvPgF16hpNZGUdo8P
                            GtuH4JwP3hDIpNtGTsQrFWYWL5pUuuQRwA== )

;; AUTHORITY SECTION:
example.com.          86400 IN NS master.example.com.
example.com.          86400 IN NS slave.example.com.
example.com.          86400 IN RRSIG NS 7 2 86400 20131227171405 (
                            20131127171405 40400 example.com.
                            hEGzNvKnc3sXkiQKo9/+ylU5WSFWudbUc3PAZvFMjyRA
                            j7dzcVwM5oArK5eXJ8/77CxL3rfwGvi4LJzPQjw2xvDI
                            oVKei2GJNYekU38XUwzSMrA9hnkremX/KoT4Wd0K1NPy
                            giaBgyyGR+PT3jIP95Ud6J0YS3+zg60Zmr9iQPBifH3p
                            QrvvY3OjXWYL1FKBK9+rJcwzlsSslbmj8ndL1OBKPEX3
                            psSwneMAE4PqSgbcWtGlzySdmJLKqbI1oB+d3I3bVWRJ
                            4F6CpIRRCb53pqLvxWQw/NXyVefNTX8CwOb/uanCCMH8
                            wTYkCS3APl/hu20Y4R5f6xyt8JZx3zkZEQ== )

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.1#53(127.0.0.1)
;; WHEN: Thu Nov 28 00:01:06 2013
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 1335

Now the configuration of DNSSEC is completed!

Universal Benefits of DNSSEC Implementation

There are methods of how to enable DNSSEC. Following the same, it is easy to opt for several benefits in this case. DNS is highly effective with the universal implementation process. It is the platform to help you understand the methods of implementation and execution simultaneously.

Once it is sure how to enable DNSSEC, you can start with the same at all the root zones and even at the top-level domains. Then you can quickly move down to the individual domain identities of the registrars and the registries. The same is also applicable for most hosting companies and specifically for software developers. Once you tap on configuring DNSSEC, you get to know the basics with the list of advantages. The same is also applicable in the operation of businesses and agencies with the best and most effective internet presence.

You should know that it is the technology to help protect the brand of the registrants and the customers alike. At this juncture, you should know how to enable DNSSEC windows server. This will help maintain the trust and the level of loyalty in the case of the registrants. It is the option to help attract and maintain the registrant’s security and the focused reputation. Now, it is time to create new service offerings like signing the zone for the registrants.

There are steps to follow in matters of how to enable DNSSEC. Everything will lead to the open door of using DNS for the new form of secure data transactions like publishing the types of the public keys and the authentication of the email origin. If you are to enable the DNSSEC windows server, you can wait for the good things to happen systematically. It is something to help protect the core business functionality by enhancing trust in the case of internet users. It will also help in exerting leadership and can even influence the extent of shaping the future of DNSSEC. Now there is additional protection for the clients and users and even in the case of a specific brand. For more information, click here .

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